The suffixes - la and - ba (meaning 'father' in Marathi) were appended for reverence, producing the names Vitthala and Vithoba. Historian Ramakrishna Gopal Bhandarkar offers yet another possibility-that Vitthu ( Viṭhu) is a Kannada corruption of the name Vishnu adopted in Marathi. However, the Varkari poet-saint Tukaram proposed a different etymology-that Vitthala is composed of the words vittha (ignorance) and la (one who accepts), thus meaning 'one who accepts innocent people who are devoid of knowledge'. The prescribed iconography of Vithoba stipulates that he be shown standing arms-akimbo upon a brick, which is associated with the legend of the devotee Pundalik.ĭefinition of Vittala: "Vidaa Jnanena Taan Shoonyan Laati Gruhnaati Yaha Swayam AjnaanugrahaKruddevo Vittalah Kathyate Budhaiah" - Prikryaya Kaumudi Vyakhyana
William Crooke, orientalist, supported this explanation. Thus, Vitthala would mean 'one standing on a brick'. Varkari tradition suggests that the name Vitthala (also spelled as Vitthal, Viththal, Vittala and Vithal Marathi: विठ्ठल, Kannada: ವಿಠ್ಠಲ, Telugu: విఠ్ఠల and Gujarati: વિઠ્ઠલ all IAST: Viṭṭhala) is composed of two Sanskrit-Marathi words: viṭ, which means 'brick' and thal, which may have originated from the Sanskrit sthala, meaning 'standing'. There are several theories about the origins and meanings of these names. Vithoba ( Marathi: विठोबा, IAST: Viṭhobā) is known by many names, including: Vitthala, Panduranga, Pandharinath, Hari and Narayan. Though the origins of both his sect and his main temple are likewise debated, there is clear evidence that they already existed by the 13th century. The historiography of Vithoba and his sect is an area of continuing debate, even regarding his name. The most important festivals of Vithoba are held on Devshayani Ekadashi in the month of Ashadha, and Prabodhini Ekadashi in the month of Kartik.
Other devotional literature dedicated to Vithoba includes the Kannada hymns of the Haridasa and the Marathi versions of the generic aarti songs associated with rituals of offering light to the deity. The Varkari poet-saints are known for their unique genre of devotional lyric, the abhang, dedicated to Vithoba and composed in Marathi. Vithoba legends revolve around his devotee Pundalik who is credited for bringing the deity to Pandharpur, and around Vithoba's role as a saviour to the poet-saints of the Varkari faith. Vithoba Temple, Pandharpur is his main temple. Vithoba is the focus of an essentially monotheistic, non-ritualistic bhakti-driven Varkari faith of Maharashtra and the Haridasa faith of Karnataka. Vithoba is often depicted as a dark young boy, standing arms akimbo on a brick, sometimes accompanied by his consort Rakhumai. He is generally considered as a manifestation of the god Vishnu, or his avatar Krishna.
Vithoba, also known as Vi(t)thal(a) and Panduranga, is a Hindu deity predominantly worshipped in the Indian state of Maharashtra and Karnataka. The central image at Vitthal Temple in Pandharpur
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